Orange-spotted Bulbul (Pycnonotus bimaculatus)

The Orange-spotted Bulbul is a medium sized brownish bulbul.  It is distinguished by its brown, spotted chest that contrasts with its pale belly with diagnostic yellow-orange lores.

(Orange-spotted Bulbul, CAPTIVE, Edward Youde Aviary, Hong Kong)

It is endemic to Java, Bali and Sumatra where three subspecies are formally recognized.  On very rare occasions, it has been recorded in Singapore, where it is believed to be an escaped captive bird.

The preferred habitat for the Orange-spotted Bulbul is montane forest edges, scrub, clearings and open meadows at altitudes between 800 and 3000 metres.  At high altitudes it can be quite gregarious, especially in stunted alpine growth, where it is often seen in small vocal parties.

The example above was photographed in the Edward Youde open aviary in Hong Kong Park, Hong Kong.